(Ladybird Johnson Wildflower Center)

Food:

"Arapaho (Cheyenne, Kiowa) Starvation Food Root roasted for food when pressed by hunger". (Moerman 275)

Medicine:

"Keres, Western Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion of staminate cones used as a stomach tonic. --- Lakota Gastrointestinal Aid Root scraped and eaten raw for stomach troubles." (Moerman 275)

Other Uses:

"--- Lakota Fuel Roots used in place of matches. It is said that in olden days when there were no matches they used to start a fire in the root, wrap it up, and hang it outside. The fire would keep for 7 months." (Moerman 275)